Dopamine neurons in ventral mesencephalon: interactions with glia and locus coeruleus
Parkinson’s disease is a progressing neurodegenerative dysfunction, seen as a exhaustion of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The reason for the disorder is still unidentified but age, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are among the attributes involved in the deterioration. Additionally, significant cell death of noradrenergic neurons occurs in the locus coeruleus (LC). Noradrenaline has long been recommended to defend the dopamine neurons from oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.