The South Portuguese Zone (SPZ), which host world-class massive sulphide deposits, forms the southern fold-and-thrust belt of the Iberian Variscan orogeny. This project concentrates on seismic-reflection and seismic-refraction processing efforts on a subset of the IBERSEIS deep seismic-reflection data set aiming at fixing the SPZ upper crust in high resolution. An evaluation of numerous crooked-line seismic-reflection imaging schemes demonstrated that a processing sequence involving dip-moveout corrections, a common-midpoint projection, and poststack time migration of common-offset collects provided probably the most coherent pictures considering the crooked acquisition geometry. Correlation with surface-geological data allows 4 units of different reflection character to be identified: the…
Contents: Conceptual runoff models – fiction or representation of reality
Introduction
Background
Problems to be solved with conceptual runoff models
The term validation
Material and methods
Validation of runoff models
Description of model
Study catchments
Illustration of validation methods
Proxy-basin test
Identifiability of parameter values (paper I)
Validation of simulated groundwater levels (paper II)
Partial model validation: the TOPMODEL index (paper III)
Multi-criteria validation of TOPMODEL (paper IV)
Validation of TOPMODEL against hydrological common sense (paper V)
Multi-criteria calibration to runoff and groundwater levels (paper VI)
Validation based on regionalisation
Discussion
Parsimony and complexity
Limitations of conceptual models
Problems of validation
Physically-based models
Future directions
Failings in modelling studies…
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