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The structural quality of material (concentration and nature of defects) and optical properties (intensity and spectral emission range) of semiconductor materials are usually closely correlated. The idea of this work was to carry out a basic characterization of the structural (by X-ray
The chemistry of mineral surfaces is of great importance in many different areas including natural processes occurring in oceans, rivers, lakes and soils. Manganese (hydr)oxides are one important group to these natural processes, and the thermodynamically most stable trivalent manganese (hydr)oxide, manganit
Networks are all around us, all the time. From the biochemistry of our cells to the web of friendships across the planet. From the circuitry of modern electronics to chains of historical events. A network is the result of the forces that
In this thesis we report on calculations for open quantum mechanical and certain microwave systems. The models refer to a quantum point contact and an electron cavity. We model this open system with an imaginary potential as source and drain, and use
In this Thesis, I have investigated multifunctional nanostructured Ti-Si-C thin films synthesized by magnetron sputtering in the substrate-temperature range from room temperature to 900 °C. The studies cover high-temperature growth of Ti3SiC2 and Ti4SiC3, low-temperature growth of Ti-Si-C nanocomposites, and Ti-Si-C-based multilayers,
This thesis deals with the use of electric fields for evaluation and control of chemical systems. An electric field can result in the flow of charge across an interface between a metal and a solution, by means of chemical reactions. This interplay
The sequencing of the human genome has changed life science research in many ways. Novel measurement technologies such as microarray expression analysis, genome-wide SNP typing and mass spectrometry are now producing experimental data of extremely high dimensions. While these techniques provide unprecedented
The system studied in the thesis is a particle in a two-dimensional box on the surface of a sphere with constant radius. The different systems have different radii while the box dimension is kept the same, so the curvature of the surface
A low-loaded constructed wetland was investigated with respect to phosphorus retention. Since the main long-term phosphorus retention mechanism is sedimentation and sediment accretion, the study focused on these processes. The purpose of the study was 1) to investigate how the calculated value
The High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) is a commonly used transistor for microwave and high power amplifiers around the world today. Typical application areas are space radio telescopes and cellular phones. Conventional HEMTs on today’s market use a Gallium,Arsenide (GaAs) substrate with