Although many aspects of odor naming have received attention during the years, the participants’ own cognitions (metamemory) about their naming attempts have not. (i) We showed that feeling of knowing (FOK) judgments accompanying odor naming failures are predictive of later recognition (Study I) or retrieval (Study III) of the missing name, but to a lesser degree than equivalent judgments about names of persons. “Tip of the nose” (TON) experiences do predict later odor name recall (Study I), but are otherwise poorly related to any partial activation of other information associated with the odor. (ii) We evaluated two theories proposed to explain the underlying basis of FOK judgments. Correlational analysis showed that FOK judgments about odor names are related to the perceived familiarity of the cue triggering the FOK (cue familiarity theory; Study III). FOK judgments are based on the amount of available information about the sought-for memory (accessibility theory; Study I and III). (iii) We demonstrated that the participants are overconfident in their odor naming attempts (Study I and II). This may to some degree be due to the arousing properties of the odors (Study II), suggesting that emotional variables…
Contents
Introduction
Odor naming
Odor discrimination.
The difference between odor identification and odor naming
The naming process
The connection between odors and emotion
The basic metacognitive concepts
Metamemory judgments
The difference between absolute and relative metamemory accuracy
Metamemory theories
Olfactory metacognition
Feeling of knowing
The tip of the nose phenomenon
Retrospective confidence judgments
The aims of the thesis
Predictive validity
Metamemory theory
Retrospective confidence and emotionality
The odor naming process
Is odor metamemory special?
Empirical studies
Study I: Jönsson and Olsson (2003) – Exp. 1
Aim
Procedure
Main results
Conclusion
Study I: Jönsson and Olsson (2003) – Exp. 2
Aim
Procedure
Main results
Conclusion
Study II: Jönsson, Olsson, and Olsson (2005)
Aim
Procedure
Main results
Conclusion
Study III: Jönsson, Tchekhova, Lönner, and Olsson (2005) – Exp. 1
Aim
Procedure
Main results
Conclusion
Study III: Jönsson, Tchekhova, Lönner, and Olsson (2005) – Exp. 2
Aim
Procedure
Main results
Conclusion
Discussion
Predictive validity
Feeling of knowing judgments
The tip of the nose experience
Metamemory theory
Retrospective confidence and emotionality
The odor naming process
Is odor metamemory special?
The specificity of the tip of the nose phenomenon
Concluding remarks
Acknowledgements
References
Author: Jonsson, Fredrik
Source: Uppsala University Library
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